My great grandfather was known as Patrick James DONOGHUE not DONOHUE. His birth certificate in 1860 records Patrick J DONOHOE – See NSW Births Deaths & Marriages (BDM) 9584/1860. Over 30 years later, his marriage certificate gives his surname as “DONOGHUE” - See BDM 7107/1890 PATRICK J DONOGHUE - MARY A MCGUCKIN – TENTERFIELD.
Martin, my great great grandfather, (brother of Julia (Judith) also used different spellings of his surname. Attached is a copy of the Petition. His convict records also have “DONOHOE” and not “DONOHUE”. I believe that he may have changed his surname’s spelling probably due to the “convict stain” or maybe due to him not being able to read or write.
There is another very interesting matter about my great great grandfather Martin Donohue/Donohoe/Donoghoe/Donoghue. After arriving in Australian aboard the convict ship Portland in 1833, Michael and Martin (as experienced farmers) were assigned as servants to pastoralists – Martin in the Monaro district and Martin in the Hunter Valley.
Their elderly father Patrick was placed into government service in Port Macquarie. Martin was assigned to Colonel Henry Dumaresq at a property called “St Heliers” in the Hunter Valley. This is the same name as my great grandfather’s Donoghue family farm near Tenterfield decades later.
Between 1839 and 1840 the Hunter Valley was terrorised by a gang of bushrangers led by Edward Davis, an Australian convict and one of the only known Jewish bushranger. Davis was born in England. In 1832, a London court convicted him of stealing a shopkeeper's till worth two shillings and five shillings worth of coins. His sentence was deportation to Australia for seven years.
After a number of unsuccessful attempts at escape, as a result of which his sentence was increased by 48 months, Davis finally managed to escape in 1839. He organized a bushranger gang of ex-convicts like himself who, ranging on horseback, raided towns and settlements and robbed travellers on the desolate roads (popularly known as the “Jewboy Gang of Bushrangers” consisting mainly of runaway convicts and convict servants).
It has been said that Davis played the part of an Australian Robin Hood and, when he stripped the rich, he went out of his way to relieve the misery of the assigned servants, to whom he distributed part of his booty. He also would only countenance violence in self-defence. Davis’ downfall came in December 1840, when in the course of a raid on the township of Scone one of his gang, John Shea, killed a young shopkeeper. Edward Day, a visiting magistrate, organised a mounted party to hunt down the offenders. The party was made up of Day, five ticket-of-leave men, an aboriginal tracker and my great great grandfather Martin Donohoe (an assigned servant). The party caught Shea, Davis, and four others. They were convicted of murder, and sentenced to death.
It was a stroke of luck for Martin Donohoe. For his part in the exploit, he received a conditional pardon on 1st February 1841. His father and brother would have to wait several years before they received their conditional pardons.
With a conditional pardon, Martin Donohoe was free to live and work in the colony but he wasn’t allowed to leave it.
My great great grandfather’s Martin’s children’s names were Matthias, Ellen, Richard, Jane and Martin (5 children) from the first marriage, and a William, John, Bridget, Thomas, Patrick, Michael, Peter and a Christopher (8 children) from the second marriage.
Kind Regards,
Mary