Hello Karen,
After a bit more research into Rhode Island records, I was finally able to search the death indexes for your great grandfather, Benjamin Crawford, at the State of Rhode Island's digital archives website link at: Home | Rhode Island State Archives Digital Archive
I initially found this site a bit tedious to navigate, but finally uncovered the index of death for Benjamin Crawford at: https://sosri.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_ca71c39e-7e68-4d73-93d9-ef03d009501f/
Also see the transcription of the index below, which shows that Benjamin died at age 69 on January 5, 1919 in Woonsocket. His parents were James and Mary Crawford. His death record is on page 319 of the death register index:
Rhode Island Death Index
Last Name, First Name, Parents' Names, Date of Death, Page
CRAWFORD, BENJAMIN, JAMES & MARY, 69, JAN 5. 1919, WOON, 319
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Unfortunately, the maiden name of Benjamin's mother is not recorded in the index.
If you do not have his death record you can order it online from the Rhode Island Secretary of State website at: https://forms.sos.ri.gov/VitalRecordsOrderForm.aspx
You won't have to send any money with the request, but will be contacted with any charges for the death record. For certified copies however, there is a cost of $2.00, with a .15 cent charge for a black and white page, or .50 cents for a color page.
I don't know how much more information about Benjamin will be provided on the death certificate, but it will be interesting to find out.
THE MORAVIAN CHURCH MARRIAGE OF ROBERT CRAWFORD
In my reply of 6 Aug 2025, I had mentioned that Robert Crawford was married three times. But only one of these marriages took place in the Moravian Church.
This was his 3rd marriage to Maria Mason, which took place "at the Moravian church in the parish of Artrea, in the County of Londonderry," on November 12, 1897.
At the time of marriage both Robert and Maria were of "full" age. Robert was a "Widower," and employed as a "Weaver." His residence at the time of marriage was Ballymaguigan. His father is William Crawford, a "Reed maker."
Maria was a "Spinster" at the time of marriage, with no occupation recorded. Her residence at the time of marriage was Creagh. Her father was James Mason, a "Farmer."
They were "Married in the above registered building according to the usages of the Moravian Church by license," by GB MacLeavy, the Officiating Minister.
The witnesses to the marriage were James Marks and Mary Jane Hudson.
Maria Mason signed the marriage record with "her x mark," indicating she could not write.
The marriage record was found at the free irishgenealogy.ie website and can be accessed at: https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/files/civil/marriage_returns/marriages_1897/10470/5812786.pdf
Attached to this reply is an Ordnance Survey Map in color of the Gracefield Moravian Settlement, Ballymaguigan, Civil Parish of Artrea, where the marriage of Robert and Maria likely took place. The map, attached to this reply, is from the 1829 to 1841 time period, and comes from the Tailte Eireann website at: https://tinyurl.com/ymney44k
I found the 1897 marriage record for Robert and Maria as a result of information in the 1911 census of Ireland from the National Archives of Ireland website link: https://nationalarchives.ie/collections/search-the-census/
The 1911 census transcription shows that 83 year old Robert, a "Farmer," and his 72 year old wife Maria were the "Residents of a house 17 in Ballymaguigan (Castledawson, Londonderry)." Their religion was Moravian. Both were born in County Londonderry. Robert could read and write. Maria could only read.
See the transcription at: https://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1911/Londonderry/Castledawson/Ballymaguigan/607998/
Once the census downloads, click on the box, "Show all information" to view the full census page.
A copy of the original 1911 census gives the additional information that Robert and Maria were married for 13 years. This information can be found on the census line for Maria Crawford, Column 10. The number 13 is faded, but readable: https://nationalarchives.ie/collections/search-the-census/view-pdf/?doc=nai002858862
If you scroll down to the lower right side of the census, you'll see Robert's signature.
Karen, ages in the 1911 census, as well as the 1901 census are not always accurate. Some can be off by a few years, some by a lot of years.
In the case of Robert and Maria, their ages are off by a few years in the 1901 census, with Robert being 70 years old and Maria 60 years old. They are shown to be the "Residents of a house 13 in Ballymaguigan (Castledawson, Londonderry)."
Both were born in Londonderry. Robert's occupation was "Weaver of Linen." Maria was employed as a "Domestic." In this census both Robert and Maria could read and write. See the census transcription at: https://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1901/Londonderry/Castledawson/Ballymaguigan/1541652/
A copy of the original 1901 census can be found at: https://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/reels/nai000638848/
The 1901 census further shows that an 88 year old William Crawford was a resident of house 12 in Ballymaguigan. He is the only one in the household. His religion is Moravian. His occupation is "Linen Weaver," and his birthplace County Down. He could read and write. See the transcription at: https://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1901/Londonderry/Castledawson/Ballymaguigan/1541651/
For a copy of the original 1901 census for William, go to: https://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/reels/nai000638847/
While the census notes that William can read and write, he signed the census form with "his x mark," indicating he could not actually write. His mark was witnessed by Thomas Quigley, the Enumerator who also happened to be the local Constable who collected the census information from William.
I suspect William was Robert's father, though I can't prove it just from the 1901 census alone.
It's also interesting to note that William Crawford was born in County Down.
William Crawford is not recorded in the 1911 census for Ballymaguigan. I found his death record at the irishgenealgy.ie website, showing he died in the Magherafelt Workhouse on 24 October 1905 at the age of 90. He was from Ballymaguigan, and a widower whose occupation had been "Labourer." The cause of death was "Age and Debility ill 4 years." His death is number 250 in the register:
https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/files/civil/deaths_returns/deaths_1905/05582/4568085.pdf
Back at the 1901 census I located the household for 48 year old George Basil Macleavy, and his 46 year old wife Elise Emma, as well as their 6 daughter, Blanche Rose Margarite, and 23 year old servant, Angelina Caldwell.
They are shown to be the "Residents of a house 36 in Ballymaguigan (Castledawson, Londonderry)." See the 1901 census transcription: https://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1901/Londonderry/Castledawson/Ballymaguigan/1541675/
The 1901 census shows that George was born in County Down, the same county where William Crawford was born.
George's wife Elise Emma was born in Switzerland, and their daughter Blanche in England.
The religion of the MacLeavy family is "Unitas Fratrum Moravian," Latin for the "Unity of the Moravian Brethren." George Basil MacLeavy's occupation is "Presbyter of Unitas Fratrum (Moravian)," which means he was the Moravian minister. He is also the minister, GB MacLeavy, who married Robert Crawford and Maria Mason in the Moravian Church in 1897.
For more information about the Unitas Fratrum Moravian Church, go to: http://www.unitasfratrum.org/
To digress for a second, an index from the UK's FreeBMD website shows that the marriage of George Basil "McLeavy" and Elise Emma Müller, was recorded in the Bedford (County Bedfordshire), England Registration District in the June quarter of 1881:
Marriage June Quarter 1881
George Basil McLeavy
Elise Emma Müller
Registration District: Bedford
Volume: 3b
Page: 583
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THE CHURCH OF IRELAND MARRIAGE OF ROBERT CRAWFORD
The 1897 marriage record shows that Robert Crawford was a widower, and so I looked for his prior marriage at the irishgenealogy.ie website and found it.
Robert Crawford and Margaret Stewart, alias Huston, were married in the Woods Chapel Church of Ireland, in the Parish of Artrea on April 7, 1864. At the time of marriage Robert and Margaret were of "full" age. Robert was a "Widower," employed as a "Weaver" living in Ballymaguigan. His father is William Crawford, employed as a "Reedmaker."
Margaret was a "Widow" at the time of marriage. Her residence at the time of marriage was Tubberhead, Parish of Magherafelt. Her father is Robert Huston, a "Farmer."
They were married by license by George Greer. The witnesses to the marriage were Robert Seymour and Alexander Morrow.
The marriage is number 139 in the register: https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/files/civil/marriage_returns/marriages_1864/11608/8272837.pdf
The marriage record shows that Margaret was first married to a fellow whose last name was Stewart, but that her maiden name was Huston.
Robert and Margaret were married in the Woods Chapel Church of Ireland.
PRONI has the Woods Chapel Church of Ireland baptisms, marriages, and burials on microfilm number MIC1/97. Also on the film are vestry minutes, poor list, seat list, and conformations. See below for additional information about these records:
C.I. Woods Chapel (Armagh diocese)
Baptisms, 1807 (or 1808)-97;
Marriages, 1808-45;
Burials, 1808-89;
Vestry minutes, 1792-1895;
Poor list, 1818;
seat list, 1826;
Confirmations, 1809, 1816, 1824, 1837, 1840, 1843, 1846,
1849, 1856, 1859, 1866, 1870 and 1876. MIC1/97
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I next located the civil registration birth record for Robert and Margaret's daughter, Margaret, who was born in Ballymaguigan on 29 March 1865. Her father Robert is a weaver living in Ballymaguigan. Her mother Margaret's maiden name is Houston. Robert reported the birth to the registrar.
You can access Margaret's birth record at: https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/files/civil/birth_returns/births_1865/03577/2318485.pdf
She is number 403 in the register toward the bottom of the page.
I didn't find the birth record for another child of Joseph and Margaret's until almost five years after Margaret was born.
Robert Crawford was born in Ballymaguinan, Ardtrea, on 9 January 1870. See the birth record at: https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/files/civil/birth_returns/births_1870/03365/2233889.pdf
Robert's birth is number 234 in the register.
I didn't find the birth records for any more children of Robert Crawford and Margaret Houston.
But when did Robert's wife Margaret Houston die, and how long after she died, did he marry again. To find out looked for her death record and found it at the irishgenealogy.ie website.
Margaret Crawford died in Ballymaguigan on 21 April 1897 of "Bronchitis 10 days." At the time of death she was 70. She had been a "House Keeper." Her husband Robert reported her death to the assistant registrar, James Stewart.
Margaret's death is number 161 in the death register: https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/files/civil/deaths_returns/deaths_1897/05868/4663602.pdf
Her husband Robert got married again just seven months later to Maria Mason, on November 12, 1897.
ROBEBRT CRAWFORD'S FIRST MARRIAGE IN THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH
The 1864 marriage record for Robert Crawford and Margaret Stewart, alias "Huston," shows that Robert was a widower. I looked for his earlier marriage at the irishgeneaolgy.ie website and found it.
Robert Crawford, 25 years old, and 25 year old Margaret Kirkwood, were married in the Castledawson Presbyterian Church, Parish of Magherafelt, on 10 February 1854. At the time of marriage Robert was a bachelor and Margaret a spinster. Robert's occupation was "Weaver." His residence at the time of marriage was "Grace Field." His father is William Crawford, employed as a "Reed Maker."
No occupation is recorded for Margaret. Her residence at the time of marriage was Anaghmore, also spelled "Annaghmore." Her father is William Kirkwood, a "Farmer."
The witnesses to the marriage were James Hardy and William Crawford. Margaret Kirkwood signed the marriage register with "her x mark."
You can access the marriage record at: https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/files/civil/marriage_returns/marriages_1854/09474/5433702.pdf
The Castledawson Presbyterian Church records are available at PRONI on microfilm number MIC1P/90
The baptisms cover the years 1703-1706, and 1809-1901
Marriages span the years 1805-1832. See page 306 of PRONI's Guide To Church Records for more information: https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2025-05/Guide-to-Church-Records-October-2019_1.pdf.
The Castledawson Presbyterian Church is also known as Dawsons Bridge.
Three marriage records show that Robert Crawford's father was William Crawford. Circumstantial evidence indicates that the William Crawford enumerated in the 1901 census, shown earlier, was Robert Crawford's father.
GRIFFITHS VALUATION
I found Robert Crawford in an Irish property tax record called Griffiths Valuation, showing he leased property in Ballymaguigan.
Griffiths Valuation was compiled in the 32 counties of Ireland from 1847 to 1864. The valuation for Ballymaguigan, Civil Parish of Artrea, County Londonderry, was completed by the year 1859. See the attachment, "Robert Crawford in Griffiths Valuation."
Robert's position on the page is indicated by the green double arrow.
Unlike a census, Griffiths Valuation did not enumerate individual members of a family, such as husband, wife, and children in a household residence. Those named in the valuation were individuals who leased property. Each person who paid to lease the property was called an “Occupier.” The other person listed in Griffiths Valuation was the person who owned the property, or who worked as the middleman for the owner. This person was called the “Immediate Lessor.”
You can access Griffiths Valuation transcriptions and original copies for free at the askaboutireland website link at: http://www.askaboutireland.ie/griffith-valuation/index.xml
Griffiths Valuation shows that Robert leased a house and under an acre of land from Immediate Lessors, "The Moravian Brethren," in Ballymaguigan.
The land was 2 Roods and 10 Perches in size. For information about Acres, Roods, and Perches, go to the Lochista website link at: https://lochista.com/understanding-acres-perches/
Robert's land was valued at 15 Shillings. The house was also valued at 15 shillings, for a total valuation of 1 Pound and 10 Shillings.
The number 46 to the left of Robert Crawford's name is a map reference number on a Griffiths Valuation Map of Ballymaguigan, showing the location of Robert's house and land.
I accessed the map at the Ask About Ireland website. The map is attached to this reply, but try as I might, I couldn't find map reference 46 in, or around the Gracefield Moravian Settlement.
Either I missed finding map reference 46 altogether, or reference 46 was not annotated on the Griffiths Valuation Map because of the small size of the property.
I next looked for Robert in what are called the Valuation Revision Record Books, to see how long he remained on the property in Ballymaguigan, and to also see if anyone took over the property from him.
The Valuation Revision Books can be searched for free at the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI) website link at: https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/services/searching-valuation-revision-books
For more information about the Revision Books, go to the PRONI link: https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/about-valuation-revision-books
I had to go through several year's worth of revision book entries (1860 to 1929), to find a change of Occupier.
I found in the Revision Books for 1920 to 1929, that a Maria Crawford became the Occupier, in place of Robert. Robert's name is redlined, meaning he was either too incapacitated to maintain the property, of that he was deceased. Maria would be Robert's wife, though her relationship to Robert is not recorded in the revision books.
The are two facing pages of the Revision Books. See the left-facing-page, attached to this reply, showing that Maria Crawford took over the property at Map Reference 46 for the townland of Ballymaguigan. The Immediate Lessors were The Moravian "Brethren." The "Description of the Tenement" is "Ho&land," meaning the property consisted of a house and land.
The right-facing-page of the Revision Books, also attached to this reply, shows that Maria Crawford took over the property in 1916, but that the house was vacated in 1920, which is an indication that Maria had died sometime between 1916 and 1920.
The Revision Books indicate that both Robert and Maria Crawford died between the 1911 census and the year 1920.
This prompted me to look for their civil registration death records at the irishgenealogy.ie website.
First Robert:
I found his death record showing that 74 year old Robert Crawford had died in Ballymaguigan on 1 August 1913. See the death record at: https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/files/civil/deaths_returns/deaths_1913/05330/4483747.pdf
His death is number 93 in the register.
At the time of death he was married and had been employed as a "Labourer." The cause of death is "injury to head and Erysipelas 4 days." Erysipelas is a skin disease. For more information about this disease, see the newhealthadvisor.inc website link at: https://www.newhealthadvisor.org/Erysipelas-vs-Cellulitis.html
The person who was present at the death and who reported the death to the Magherafelt District Registrar, was Robert Hudson, of Ballymaguigan. Unfortunately, the death record doesn't reveal if Robert Hudson was somehow related to Robert.
The registrar, George Thompson recorded Robert's death on 6 August 1913.
I knew I had seen the surname Hudson before. Going back through the records above I found that a Mary Jane Hudson was one of the witnesses in the 1897 the marriage of Robert Crawford and Maria Mason, as noted earlier.
But then, who was Mary Jane Hudson?
I found what I believe to be her civil registration birth record at the irishgenealogy.ie website, showing Mary Jane Hudson was born in Ballymaguigan on 29 December 1876. She is the daughter of Alexander Hudson and Ellen Hudson, formerly Crawford. The person who reported the birth to the registrar was not Alexander or Ellen, but Robert Crawford, the "Occupier," living in Ballymaguigan. In this case Occupier would mean someone present in the residence when Mary Jane was born. I believe Robert would be Ellen Hudson's father.
Indications that that Ellen Crawford would have been the daughter of Robert Crawford and Margaret Kirkwood. If you recall, Robert Crawford and Ellen Kirkwood were married in the Castledawson Presbyterian Church, Parish of Magherafelt, on 10 February 1854. Ellen would have been born before births were recorded by the government in Ireland in 1864.
I also found the marriage record for Alexander Hudson and Ellen Crawford at the irishgenealogy.ie website, showing they were married in "the Parish Church of the Woods in the Co. of Londonderry" on 26 November 1875. At the time of marriage Alexander was a bachelor and Ellen a spinster. Both were from Ballymaguigan. Alexander's occupation was Labourer. His father was James Hudson, a "Weaver."
Ellen Crawford's father is Robert Crawford, a "Heddle Maker."
The Church of Ireland priest who married Alexander and Ellen by license was Edward J. Dawson. The witnesses to the marriage were William John Lock, and Jane, whose last name seems to be Speear.
Alexander signed the marriage register with "his x mark," and Ellen with "her x mark." The marriage is the last entry at number 112 in the register at: https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/files/civil/marriage_returns/marriages_1875/11218/8112219.pdf
Concerning Robert Crawford's occupation of Heddle Maker, information from the FamilySearch website's "Old Occupations" link describes a Heddle Manufacturer as, "made heddles, a part of a loom made from wire or cord." See: https://www.familyresearcher.co.uk/glossary/Dictionary-of-Old-Occupations-jobs-beginning-H2.html#Heddle-Manufacturer
The "Hall Genealogy Website Old Occupation Names" describes the occupation this way: "Heald/Heddle or Yell Manufacturer. Manufacturer of Healds, used on looms. The warp yarns are passed through loops known as Healds, which raise and lower the yarns after the shuttle has passed the weft across the width of the loom." See: http://rmhh.co.uk/occup/h.html
Maria Crawford's Death Record:
Maria died in the Magherafelt Workhouse on 18 January 1919. Her residence before entering the workhouse was Ballymaguigan. See: https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/files/civil/deaths_returns/deaths_1919/05165/4424872.pdf
At the time of death she had been a "widow" and employed as a "Servant." The cause of death was "Debility," which was a term used for a myriad of unknown conditions.
Maria's death was reported to the registrar by James Taylor, who was the "Occupier" of the Magherafelt Workhouse, which in this case means he was likely in charge of the workhouse.
The Assistant Registrar, Henry J. McNally, recorded Maria's death on 28 February 1919.
There are 9 other deaths recorded in the register where Maria's death is found. If you scroll down the page you'll see that the 9 other people had also died in the Magherafelt Workhouse, most in January and February of 1919. Their ages range from the youngest at 25, to the oldest at 88. It is no wonder that people, even in early 20th century Ireland, feared going to the Workhouse.
Karen, Robert Crawford is an example of someone who belonged to the Moravian Church, but who went ecumenical and married outside his denomination, first to Margaret Kirkwood in the Castledawson Presbyterian Church on 10 February 1854, and then to Margaret Houston Stuart in the Woods Chapel Church or Ireland on April 7, 1864.
What this indicates is if you don't find your great grandfather Benjamin Crawford's baptism record in the Moravian parish registers, search for his baptism in the Castledawson Presbyterian Church registers, as well as the Woods Chapel Church of Ireland parish registers when you're at the PRONI.
Benjamin himself married out of the Moravian Church twice in Woonsocket, both times to Catholics. First to Margaret Harpin on January 10, 1884, and then to Mary Gainer 10 years later on July 18th 1894.
On the off chance that Benjamin was a baptized Catholic, I looked for his baptism transcription at the Find My Past (FMP) website for the Catholic Parish, which went under the name of Ardtrea and Desertlin. This Catholic parish served Catholics who lived in the Civil Parish of Artrea, County Derry. I didn't find a baptism for him or for any children whose parents were James and Mary Crawford.
According to the National Library of Ireland, the Ardtrea and Desertlin Catholic Parish baptisms are available from 1 July 1832 to 18 February 1884, with gaps of several years in between. Marriages are available from 14 April 1830 to 6 February 1869, with gaps in these registers as well. See: https://registers.nli.ie/parishes/0182?locale=en
The baptism registers for the year 1854 (the year you have for Benjamin's birth), begin late in the year, starting on 1 November.
Also, I didn't find baptism records for any Catholics in the Ardtrea and Desertlin Parish, whose parents were James and Mary Crawford, or a marriage record for a James Crawford and Mary.
But, I did find the marriage transcription for a James Crawford and a Catherine Collins at the FMP website, showing they were married in the Ardtrea and Desertlin Catholic Parish on 21 September 1858. Their residence at the time of marriage is not recorded.
There are also transcriptions for four of their children at the FMP website. The names and dates of birth for these children are:
Mary Ann, 14 May 1859
Henry, 29 April 1860
Sara, 5 May 1862
David, 14 August 1864
—-
There is also a baptism transcription for a Mary Crawford whose parents are James Crawford and Catherine Murphy. Mary was born on 14 April 1865. I didn’t find a marriage record for her parents, however.
None of the baptism transcriptions above record which townland in the Catholic Parish of Ardtrea and Desertlin the children were born.
Going back to the irishgenealogy.ie website I looked for a Protestant marriage for a James Crawford and Mary, maiden name unknown, between 1845 and 1854 in the Artrea Civil parish, and the Magherafelt Civil Parish, but without success.
Before closing I’d like to mention that I also uncovered information about a John Crawford who lived in the Grace Hill Moravian community in Ballykennedy, Civil Parish of Ahoghill, County Antrim.
I can send the records I found about him if you wish.
All the Best,
Dave
SOURCES
Rhode Island State Digital Archives: DeathIndex_1916-1920_Cabana-Curren
Rhode Island Department of State: Vital Records Order Form
irishgenealogy.ie: Marriage of Robert Crawford and Maria Mason on November 12, 1897
Tailte Eireann: Ordnance Survey Map of the Gracefield Moravian Settlement, Ballymaguigan, Civil Parish of Artrea, County Derry
National Archives of Ireland: 1911 and 1901 Ireland census returns
Unitas Fratrum Moravian Church
FreeBMD: June Quarter 1881 Marriage of George Basil McLeavy and Elise Emma Müller
irishgenealogy.ie: Marriage of Robert Crawford and Margaret Stewart, alias Huston on April 7, 1864
Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI): baptisms, marriages, and burials on microfilm number MIC1/97
irishgenealogy.ie: Birth record of Margaret Crawford on 29 March 1865
irishgenealogy.ie: Birth record of Robert Crawford on 9 January 1870
irishgenealogy.ie: Death record of Margaret Crawford on 21 April 1897
irishgenealogy.ie: Marriage of Robert Crawford and Margaret Kirkwood, on 10 February 1854.
Ask About Ireland: Griffiths Valuation
Ask About Ireland: Griffiths Valuation Map
Lochista, Acres, Roods, Perches Explained: https://lochista.com/understanding-acres-perches/
Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI): Valuation Revision Books: https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/services/searching-valuation-revision-books
Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI): Valuation Revision Books, About: https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/about-valuation-revision-books